ABSTRACT
Introduction: The walking test of 6 minutes (6MW) is a test that merges the answer of different systems (respiratory, cardiovascular, metabolic, skeletal muscle and neurosensorial) and offers an useful objective result to lead therapeutic measurements and stablish a prognosis, it's possible that the comorbid patient lowers their functional reserve and alters the result of the test not only because of the presence of pathologies cardiorespiratory, nevertheless, information about the correlation between the scores of comorbidity and the traveled distance in the 6MW is limited. Objective: Determine the correlation between the traveled distance in the 6MW and the scores of comorbidities of Charlson and Elixhauser. Methods: A cross-sectional study was made, in patients taken to the 6MW made between 2006 until March 2020, in a hospital of high complexity; there were included patients older than 18 years old, whose clinic history record and walk of 6 minutes were available. The index of Charlson and Elixhauser were calculated in the 6MW, a bivariate analysis was made between the antecedents of pathologies and the traveled distance, independently and adjusted, the spearman correlation coefficient was calculated for the different scores and the distance in meters of the 6MW, was considerate a significative p: <0,05. Results: to the final analysis 491 subjects entered, the average age was of 69 years old (sd: 14,9), 54% male, the 15,3% had an abnormal walk less than the 80% of the expected, the diseases that were considered had a statistically significant relation with the decrease of the distance in the 6MW were arterial hypertension (p: <0,001), chronic heart failure (p=0,037), heart arrhythmia (p=0,003), smoking (p=0,022), chronic pulmonary obstruction disease (p: <0,001), dementia (p=0,03diabetes mellitus with target organ damage (p=0,01), moderate to severe chronic kidney disease (p=0,012), obesity (p=0,036) y lymphoma (p=0,038 the spearman correlation coefficient between the traveled distances and Charlson was of -0,343 (IC95%:-0,420 -0,264)(p: < 0,001) and -0,213(IC95%:-0,285 -0,116)(p: <0,001) with the Elixhauser index. Conclusion: The distances walked in meters in the 6MW has a reverse low correlation with the comorbidity index, the diseases that were not cardiopulmonary and that related independently with changes in the traveled dist ance are smoking, dementia, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, obesity, and lymphoma. Key words: Comorbidities, Walk, Test, Cardiopulmonary, Charlson, Elixhauser
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Pulmonary Heart Disease/pathology , Spirometry , Comorbidity , Surveys and Questionnaires , Exercise Test , Walk TestABSTRACT
Introducción: la comprensión de la percepción que tienen los estudiantes de terapia ocupacional hacia su formación de pregrado representa una parte esencial en el desarrollo y mejoramiento curricular de la profesión. Objetivo: explorar las percepciones que tienen los estudiantes de terapia ocupacional hacia los contenidos y la formación de pregrado en Chile. Metodología: en este estudio cualitativo y fenomenológico, los datos se recolectaron a través de cuestionarios electrónicos autoaplicados. Los cuestionarios fueron suministrados a través de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación, en donde los entrevistados respondieron y remitieron sus respuestas anónimamente a través de internet. Los participantes son estudiantes de la carrera de terapia ocupacional de distintas universidades a lo largo del país, de ambos géneros y pertenecientes al rango entre los 18-40 años de edad. En correlación con el enfoque interpretativo-descriptivo de este estudio, el análisis de los datos se realizó a través del método de comparación constante propuesto por Glaser y Strauss y el software ATLAS.ti 5.0. Resultados: como resultado de los hallazgos de esta investigación, 3 temáticas fueron identificadas; (1) malla curricular y programas, (2) metodologías docentes y (3) relación entre docentes-estudiantes. Discusión: una mayor participación de los estudiantes en su propia formación de pregrado facilitaría su comprensión de los contenidos y objetivos curriculares, así como les proporcionaría una mejor visión de éstos y sus conexiones a través de los años de estudio de la profesión. Además de proporcionarles una mirada reflexiva y crítica acerca de los contenidos aprendidos y de las herramientas que necesitan desarrollar para la adquisición de éstos.
Introduction: understanding the occupational therapy students perception of their undergraduate training is an essential part for the development and improvement of the program. Aim: to explore the occupational therapy students perception of the content and undergraduate education in Chile. Methodology: in this phenomenological and qualitative study, data were collected through self-administered electronic questionnaires. The questionnaires were provided using information and communication technology, where the respondents submitted their answers anonymously through Internet. The participants are occupational therapy students between 18-40 years old of both genders from various universities across the country. In correlation with the interpretive-descriptive approach of this study, data analysis was performed using the constant comparison method proposed by Glaser and Strauss and the software ATLAS.ti 5.0. Results: as a result of the findings of this research, three themes were identied: (1) programme of study, (2) teaching methods, and (3) student-teacher relationship. Discussion: a greater student participation in their own undergraduate education could facilitate the understanding of the content and program aims, as well as provide a better view of the connections between them through the years of study. In addition, this study aims to provide the students with a reactive and critical thinking about the learning contents and the tools that they need to develop in order to reach the learning goals of the program. Relevance for the OT: the results of this study aim to open a dialogue and discussion between students and scholars from different universities regarding the needs of the undergraduate programs as perceived by students of different years of study. Furthermore, this study aims to discuss the methodologies and teaching methods used to provide the set of courses to the students in order to encourage the development and review of these...
Subject(s)
Female , Young Adult , Students, Health Occupations/psychology , Occupational Therapy/education , Chile , Curriculum , Learning , Perception , Qualitative ResearchABSTRACT
Background: Primary pulmonary hipertension (PPH) is a progressive disease leading to right heart failure and death. Right heart catherization and maximal or submaximal tests are employed to assess the course of the disease. A neurohormonal parameter such as pro-brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) would be helpful in the assessment of these patients. Aim: To study the correlation of BNP with functional status and non-invasive hemodynamic determinations in patients with PPH. Material and methods: Twelve patients (mean age: 48 years; 58% female) were evaluated with 6 minutes walk distance test (6-min WT), plasma BNP, systolic pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and cardiac output (CO) determined by echocardiogram. Plasma BNP levels were compared with normal subjects. Results: BNP levels were increased in PPH patients (1270±547 vs 48±8 pg/ml, p-value <0.01). Mean PAPs was 82±27 mmHg and the mean distance walked in 6 minutes was 407±113 meters. BNP levels were positively correlated with PVR (r=0.58, p-value=0.006) and negatively correlated with 6-min WT (r=-0.83, p-value <0.001). No correlation was found between BNP levels, PAPs and CO. Conclusions: In PPH patients, BNP levels are increased and correlate with functional class and PVR. Follow-up studies are needed to evaluate the role of BNP as a marker of progression and therapeutic response in PPH patients.